In 1912, the Chile Exploration Company of the Guggenheim Group purchased the Chuquicamata mine, which was originally an amalgamation of disarrayed mining camps by different compa - nies. After the purchase by the Guggenheim’s, town planning took the form of the American work model, which provided housing for miners and employees, as well as company-owned entertainment and recreational spaces, such as a worker’s club, theater, church, and school. In 1923 the mine was sold to Anaconda Copper, and in 1971 copper became nationalized in Chile and ownership was transferred to Codelco, the National Copper Corporation of Chile. Due to the proximity of the camp to the mine itself, the debris from the mine eventually swallowed the entire town. Inhabitants of the camp were instructed to move away starting in 1970, and the camp was officially closed in 2007.